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例如：活塞與(yu)活塞桿(gan)不同心或活塞桿(gan)彎曲，液壓缸或活塞桿(gan)對導軌安(an)裝位置(zhi)偏移，密封環裝得過緊(jin)或過松等。解決方法是(shi)重新修理或調整，更換損(sun)傷(shang)的零件及清(qing)除(chu)鐵屑。

(2)潤(run)滑不(bu)良或液壓(ya)缸孔(kong)徑(jing)加(jia)工超差(cha)。因為活(huo)塞與缸筒、導軌與活(huo)塞桿(gan)等均有相對(dui)運(yun)動，如果潤(run)滑不(bu)良或液壓(ya)缸孔(kong)徑(jing)超差(cha)，就(jiu)會加(jia)劇磨損，使(shi)缸筒中(zhong)心線直(zhi)線性(xing)降低(di)。（威(wei)海(hai)力建(jian)冶金液壓(ya)設備廠)

液壓缸(gang)結構基本上可以分(fen)(fen)為缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)和缸(gang)蓋、活塞(sai)和活塞(sai)桿、密封裝置(zhi)、緩沖(chong)裝置(zhi)和排氣(qi)裝置(zhi)五個部分(fen)(fen)。今天(tian)威海力建小(xiao)編著(zhu)重(zhong)帶著(zhu)大家了解(jie)一下(xia)缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)和缸(gang)蓋。

 缸筒和缸蓋

一(yi)般來說，缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)和(he)缸(gang)蓋的結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)形(xing)(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)和(he)其使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的材料(liao)有關(guan)。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)壓力p＜10MPa時，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)；p＜20MPa時，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)；p＞20MPa時，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)或(huo)鍛鋼(gang)。法蘭連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡(jian)單，容(rong)易(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，也容(rong)易(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)拆(chai)(chai)，但外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺(chi)寸和(he)重(zhong)量都(dou)較大，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于鑄(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)制(zhi)的缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。半環連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)壁部因開了環形(xing)(xing)(xing)槽而削弱了強度，為此有時要加(jia)(jia)厚缸(gang)壁，它(ta)容(rong)易(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)和(he)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)拆(chai)(chai)，重(zhong)量較輕，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)或(huo)鍛鋼(gang)制(zhi)的缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。螺紋連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，它(ta)的缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)端(duan)部結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)復(fu)雜(za)，外(wai)徑加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)時要求保證內外(wai)徑同(tong)心，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)拆(chai)(chai)要使(shi)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)具，它(ta)的外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺(chi)寸和(he)重(zhong)量都(dou)較小(xiao)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)或(huo)鑄(zhu)鋼(gang)制(zhi)的缸(gang)筒(tong)(tong)上。拉桿連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的通(tong)用(yong)(yong)性大，容(rong)易(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)和(he)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)拆(chai)(chai)，但外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺(chi)寸較大，且較重(zhong)。焊接(jie)(jie)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)式(shi)(shi)，結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)簡(jian)單，尺(chi)寸小(xiao)，但缸(gang)底處(chu)內徑不(bu)易(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，且可能引起(qi)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)。

叉車液壓系統常見的故障檢(jian)查與排除

叉車的(de)主(zhu)要液壓作業部分(fen)有起升(sheng)缸(gang)和傾斜缸(gang)，其故(gu)障的(de)檢(jian)查與排除方法列(lie)舉(ju)如下 ：

1、叉車空載時不能(neng)起升和傾(qing)斜

故障(zhang)檢查1：系統油量不足(zu)

故障(zhang)排(pai)除(chu)：加油至油標線(xian)。

故障排(pai)除2：齒(chi)(chi)輪泵排(pai)量不足齒(chi)(chi)頂(ding)隙(xi)和齒(chi)(chi)側(ce)隙(xi)過大

故(gu)障檢(jian)查：更換油泵或(huo)零(ling)件

故(gu)障檢查3：多路閥進油(you)路堵塞

故障排除：疏通多路閥油(you)路